Pregnant women care ( Preface and food )

PREFACE

Huge changes happen  to the women during pregnancy, such changes are due to severe hormonal and metabolic changes that happen to keep the baby growing and satisfies his demands

The baby has no other source of food except his mother's mouth
so as the mothers feed their babies after they born ,they must feed him while inside as it is agreat responsibility infront of ALLAH

The fathers also should share their wives during this critical time and make the life easier for them

HOW TO TAKE CARE OF YOUR BABY

1st item is feeding:

 # Healthy balanced food from the start of pregnancy is an important factor in the growth of your baby and his future good health.


 # Balanced diet +special needs for (iron,folic acid,calcium, zinc) will keep your baby in a good health.



 # If your weight is 60kg then you need 2600 kcal/day.

 Average weight increase:

 # 11.5 : 16 kg.

 # 7 :11 kg in obese women.

 # less than 7 kg in very obese women.

 # 13.5 : 18 kg in under weight women.

 Distribution:

 # Baby = 3500gm

 # Placenta +uterus +amniotic fluid = 650 : 900 gm.

 # Breast enlargement = 400 gm.

 # Maternal blood volume + body fluids = 1200 : 1800 gm.

 # Remaining 1600 gm= maternal fat.



 # Severe decrease in food intake causes marked decrease in baby weight.

 # If the calories are not enough body will use protein which is essential in formation and development of the baby.

 # Weight gain during pregnancy correlates with baby birth weight .

 # No need to increase total calories if the physical activity is reduced.




Items that should be eaten daily during pregnancy:

 IRON

     Needs:

  #   30 ; 60mg/day.

  #  60 : 100mg/day in ( fatty women, twin  pregnancy ,late in     pregnancy,irregular use of iron,low hemoglbin level ).


   # 200mg/day divided doses in iron deficiency anemia.


    Uses:


The baby takes 500mg during pregnancy.

Store of iron in fetal liver.

Formation of placenta.

Expasion of maternal hemoglobin.


   Found in:

• Meat.
• Tuna.
• Lentile.
• cereal.
• fresh fruits and veg.
• Mollasses.

Why iron tablets should be taken: 

 #  No iron stores in women can supply such demands.

 # Diets  seldom contain enough iron to meet these demands. 

PROTEINS

 ( 5: 6 ) gm /Kg/day:

 Uses

 # Embryonic (baby) developement of tissues and organs.

 # Formation and developement of amniotic fluid,placenta.

 # Formation and developement of uterus and breast.

 # Formation of hemoglobin and blood proteins.

Found in:

 # Better from animal source : milk , meat , cheeze.  Due to optimal amino acids combination.

 # Egg.

 # Tuna.

 # cereal.

  

CALCIUM


Needs 

 1.5 gm/day.

Uses

 # formation of bone and teeth of the baby.

 # Decrease toxemia of pregnancy, decrease loss of albumin in urine.

 # Decrease intra-uterine growth restriction and decrease neonatal death.   

Found in:

Milk.

Cheese.

Sardine.

Egg yolk.

Sesame.

Cauliflower.

Notes:

#  If calcium intake is not enough,the baby needs will be met by demineralization (removal of calcium ) of maternal bone.

#  Ca absorption from intestine is increased.Also ca retention is increased by the kidney.

 # Ionized ca is normal but bound ca is decreased as albumin concentration is decreased.